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The effect of some plant extracts on the corrosion
behavior of low carbon steel in industrial water
A.M. Badiea
, K.N. Mohana
Department of Studies in Chem.Engineering,
University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore- 570
006, India
 Abstract
The effects
of radish leaves and black cumin as plant extracts
on the corrosion behavior of low carbon steel in
industrial water in the temperature range of 30 – 80
oC and velocity range of 1.44 – 2.02 m s
-1 using potentiodynamic polarization,
EIS and mass loss measurements have been
investigated. The inhibition efficiency was found to
increase with increasing concentration of the plant
extracts up to critical value but it slightly
decreased with increasing temperature. Inhibition
efficiency values obtained from mass loss and
potentiodynamic were in reasonable agreement.
Potentiodynamic polarization clearly indicated that
radish leaves and black cumin extracts acted as
anodic inhibitors. SEM indicated that in the
presence of plant extracts the film formed on the
metal surface was smooth and it has no big cracks
and damaged area. FF-IR also showed that the
molecules of the plant extracts were assigned on the
metal surface. The adsorption behavior was found to
obey the Flory-Huggins isotherm model. The
associated activation parameters and thermodynamic
data of adsorption were evaluated and discussed. The
results obtained show that the radish leaves and
black cumin could serve as effective inhibitors for
low carbon steel in industrial water media, and a
rather better improvement in protection obtained by
black cumin that of radish leaves.
 Keywords:
A. Metals and Alloys; A. Surfaces and interfaces;
C.Corrosion; D. SEM
Corrosion Investigation,mitigation and Cathodic
Protection Evaluation of above ground storage Tank
(AGST) No. (20-Q-1A) bottom plates
M.A.
Mohamed Khalila, Dr
Elfitouri Khalifa Ahmiedb
a Corrosion and CP specialist
Raslanuf oil and gas processing co.
Technical services department,
Inspection and corrosion superintendent, Libya
E-mail:m.khalil@raslanuf.com, b Eltahadi university
Abstract
Investigation of tank bottom corrosion failure on
the above ground storage tank (AST), has been
carried out on Fuel oil tank in order to evaluate
the corrosion severity, tank bottom integrity
(after 25 years operating), and to determine the
main cause of the detected localized corrosion. The
main course of underneath tank bottom plates
corrosion failure, found to be mostly due to
combination of iron bacteria and delay of cathodic
protection application. The protective measures to
monitor and control the corrosion problem in the
future are presented. The cathodic protection (CP)
system associated with the AGST tank has been
evaluated to determine the past and the future
effectiveness by using of several inspection
techniques, ultrasonic thickness measurement,
potential measurement, visual inspection, and
microbial chemical analysis. Comparison between the
internal and external tank bottom plate conditions
was presented. Well correlation between all used
inspection test methods obtained results.
Electrochemical and biological behaviors of
nano-structured porous titania (TiO2)
in simulated body fluids for implantation in Human
Bodies
Waheed A.Badawy*,1, Rabab M.El-Sherif1
,Ahlam M. Fathi2, and Sahar A.Fadl-Allah1
1. Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University -
Giza, Egypt
2. Physical
Chemistry Department, National Research Center,
Giza-Egypt
Abstract
The passive film on Ti and its alloys is responsible
for the good biocompatibility and osteoinegrability
of these materials. The presence of passive film on
Ti allows excellent corrosion resistance in
physiological solutions and plays the important role
for the favorable tissue response to Ti implants,
which are very useful in bone surgeries and dental
applications. The nature and structure of the
passive film, especially its physicochemical
properties, are depending on the formation
conditions of these films. Recently, porous TiO2
films with controlled nanostructures were prepared
reproducibly and conveniently by potentiostatic
anodic polarization of commercially pure titanium in
H2O2 containing H2SO4
solutions
In this work porous titania, TiO2,
films on Ti substrates were prepared
electrochemically. The adsorption of biologically
compatible ions, like calcium and phosphate ions, on
the formed TiO2 films was investigated by
electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, EIS, and
electron diffraction x-ray, EDX, techniques. The
morphology of the formed oxide films and the
adsorbed layers on their surfaces was investigated
by the scanning electron microscopy, SEM. The
experimental impedance data were fitted to
theoretical data according to proposed equivalent
circuit models. The impedance data fitting enabled
the explanation of the structure of the oxide film
and the adsorption phenomena occurred on its
surface. The film characteristics under different
conditions were discussed and the adsorption of Ca2+
and PO43- was explained. The
results have shown that the oxide films formed
potentiostatically on Ti in H2O2
containing H2SO4 are capable
to adsorb biologically compatible ions. The adsorbed
layer thickness was found to increase with the
increase of concentration of calcium ions present in
the ambient electrolyte. The biocompatibility of
these materials depends essentially on the
apatite-forming ability of TiO2 due to
calcium ion incorporation in the adsorbed films. The
formed oxide films with the relatively thick
apatite-like adsorbed layer are good implants for
bone surgeries and dental applications.
Keywords:
Adsorption, potentiostatic oxide film, biological
compatibility, calcium phosphate, dental
applications, titanium oxide.
Effect of oxygen partial pressure on the oxidation
behaviour of TiAl intermetallics at high temperature
By
Dr. Ali ALJARANY
7th of October University, Misurata -
Libya.
Faculty of engineering.Material science &
engineering department
e-mail:
Ali.aljarany@yahoo.com
ABSTRACT
Isothermal oxidation experiments were carried out on
Ti-46.7Al-1.9W-0.5Si alloy in Ar-O2 with
various oxygen contents in a temperature range
between 750, 850 and 950°C
at oxygen partial pressures of 0.05, 0.2 and 0.8
(free from other impurities) bar to investigate the
oxidation behaviour of Ti-46.7Al-1.9W-0.5Si alloy.
After comparison of the oxidation results of
Ti-46.7Al-1.9W-0.5Si alloy in different reactive
atmospheres, several interesting findings were
obtained. Typical SEM / EDX scale morphologies and
composition of
g-TiAl
at 750, 850 and 950°C
respectively for up to 240h exposure were carried
out. The scale formed in Ar-5% O2 at 750°C
was relatively similar to that in Ar-80% O2.
Very thin layer of internal oxidation in both
atmospheres at 750°C,
but it is more obvious in Ar-5%O2 where
the scale showed micro-transverse cracks
perpendicular to the scale/alloy interface. The XRD
pattern of the oxidised samples in the two
atmospheres indicated the presence of both TiO2
and Al2O3. EDX results
revealed inter-mixed scale of TiO2 and Al2O3
rather than single of multi-layers scale.
The scale thickness in Ar-5% O2 remain
thicker than that in Ar-80% O2 at 850°C.
After 5h exposure, EDX analysis revealed that the
scale is consisting of TiO2/Al2O3
in Ar-5% O2 and Al2O3/TiO2
in Ar-80%O2. However, the scale in
Ar-80%O2 after same exposure time is a
mixture of Al2O3/TiO2.
Further increase of the exposure time to 72h the
alternating fashion of Al2O3
and TiO2 in the scale becomes more
noticeable.
At 950°C,
the scale in Ar-5%O2 showed substantially
more TiO2 in the scale. However, the
scale virtually converted to almost ‘dense’ alumina
(Al2O3) containing very thin
and discontinuous layers of rutile (TiO2)
in Ar-80%O2 even with the increase of
exposure time for up to 240h. However, more
interesting features of the cross-sectioned scales
were observed at 950°C
in both atmospheres. The depletion of aluminium is
increased as the oxygen partial pressure increased,
also the thickness of the depleted layer increases
as the exposure time increased in both atmospheres.
Further increase in the exposure time for 240h in
Ar-80% O2 the internally precipitated
layer was converted into Al2O3
oxide layer with trace amounts of discontinuous TiO2
layers. An other important features of the scale
formed in Ar-5% O2 and Ar-80% O2
at 950°
C after 240h is the existence of porosities within
the scale in Ar-5% O2 and voids at the
scale/alloy interface in Ar-80% O2.
Influence of the Water-Cut Ratio of Oil-Gas-water
Mixture on the Corrosion of L80 Carbon Steel
Petroleum Research and Studies Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific
Research, P.O.Box:24885 13109 Safat –Kuwait,
Fax: 00965-3980667
E-mail:
kmuhana@prsc.kisr.edu.kw
ABSTRACT
In the oil
production, water and acidic gases (H2S
and CO2) are co-produced with the oil
.The acidic gases are associated with a variety of
corrosion damage to the surface facilities,
reduction in the service life of equipments, and
costly failures. API L80 tubular carbon steel in
sweet media (presence of CO2 gas), by
using the linear polarization resistance (LPR) meter
was investigated. Experiments using API L80 tubular
carbon steel material was carried out in stagnant
flow condition with different ratio’s of produced
water to crude oil at high temperature (60 C° up to
90 C°). The pressure was varied from 180 Psi up to
200 Psi with a gas mixture of 20% H2S and
80% CO2, and the experiments were carried
out by using autoclave cell. Under this
study's experimental conditions, results indicated
that the corrosion rate break under conditions of
200 Psi pressure of CO2 gas at different
temperatures, occurred with water cut of 80%.Also
the results showed that, the increase of the
temperature from 60 C° up to 90 C° has the effect to
accelerate the corrosion rate of the L80 carbon
steel under water cut conditions.
Keywords:
Downhole Corrosion, Water-Cut, Corrosion Rate Break,
Sweet Corrosion, Carbon Steel, LPR Meter.
"Electrochemical study of the corrosion behavior
of carbon steel in
circulating cooling water"
M.A.Deyab
Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Nasr City,
Cairo, Egypt.
E-mail address:
hamadadeiab@yahoo.com
Abstract
Cyclic voltammetric and potentiodynamic anodic
polarization studies were carried out on carbon
steel in circulating cooling water containing Cl-
and SO4-2 ions under the
effect of different variables such as coolant flow,
the availability of oxygen and cooling system
temperature. The anodic excursion span of carbon
steel in cooling corrosive solution was
characterized by the occurrence of a well-defined
anodic peak ( A1), while the reverse sweep was
characterized by the appearance of two cathodic
peaks (C1 and C2). The presence of Cl-
and SO4-2 ions in cooling
water enhance the active dissolution of carbon
steel and tend to breakdown the passive film and
induce pitting attack. The data reveal that
increasing flow rate and temperature of cooling
solution, enhances the anodic peak current density
(iA1) and shifts the pitting potential (Epit.)
towards more active values. It is seen that the peak
current density of the anodic peak A1 increases and
the pitting potential (Epit) displaced in
the noble direction in the aerated solution compared
that in de-aerated solution.
Key words:
Carbon steel, Cooling water, Pitting corrosion,
Polarization
Synergistic effect of iodide ion and Nizoral on the corrosion inhibition
of mild steel in sulphuric acid solution.
I.B. Obota,*, N.O. Obi-Egbedib
aDepartment
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Uyo,
Uyo, Nigeria.
bDepartment
of Chemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
Abstract
The corrosion
rates in the presence of Nizoral (NZR), an
antifungal drug, as a steel corrosion inhibitor in
0.1 M H2SO4 were measured by
the weight loss method in the range of temperature
from 303 to 323 K. Results obtained revealed that
NZR acts as an inhibitor for mild steel in sulphuric
acid media. Inhibition efficiency increased with
increase in the concentration of the inhibitor but
decreased with increase in temperature. The addition
of KI in the tested solution increased its
inhibition efficiency to a considerable extent. The
experimental results suggest that the presence if
iodide ions in the solution stabilized the
adsorption of Nizoral molecules on the metal surface
thereby improving the inhibition efficiency of
Nizoral. The adsorption characteristics of the
inhibitor were approximated by Langmuir adsorption
isotherm and kinetic/thermodynamic adsorption model
of El-Awady. Mechanism of physical adsorption is
proposed from the activation and thermodynamic
parameters calculated.
Keywords:
Nizoral, Mild steel, corrosion inhibition,
adsorption isotherm, thermodynamics, sulphuric acid.
*Corresponding
author: Department of
Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Uyo,
P.M.B 1017, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.
Tel: +234 8023223256
Email-
proffoime@yahoo.com (I. B. Obot)
Fireside Treatment for Boilers Burning heavy fuel
Oil:
By:
Eng / Faiza Abou Zeid –Aqua Trust General. Manager
Abstract:
Fireside
Treatment has been designed to improve combustion
efficiency, Reduce carbon and carbon mono oxide
emissions,
Control Fire
side deposits and fouling,
Control cold
end corrosion and
Reduce
operating costs by lowering maintenance requirements
and minimize down time.
This
presentation will focus on Boiler Fireside problems
and methods of treatment.
Att . Dr
Ibrahim Zaky
E mail:
info@egycorr.org
OPERATING EXPERIENCE GAINED THROUGH
APPLICATION AND USE OF
HIGH TEMPERATURE COATING/LINING
IN GAS PROCESSING EQUIPMENT
Muftah Shwigi
Corrosion Protection
Division
Technical Department
Sirte Oil Company
P.O. Box 385, Tripoli,
Libya G.S.P.L.A.J.
E-mail: shwigi@yahoo.com
Jibriel Abusaleem
Faculty of Engineering
AL Tahadi University
P.O. Box 21040, Sirte,
Libya
E- mail:
jabusaleem@yahoo.co.uk
ABSTRACT
This paper discusses the operating experience gained
through application of a metallic polymer coating/lining
used for high temperature corrosion/erosion
service inside gas processing equipment at Sirte Oil
Company's Attahaddy gas plant. The internal coating
was factory-applied during equipment manufacturing
at the contractor's overseas fabrication site. After
equipment delivery, installation and plant start-up
it was discovered that coating debris was collecting
inside the gas filtering units. Several filter
drums and process vessels were subsequently opened
and it was found that the internal linings had
suffered extensive coating breakdown including
blistering, cracking, flaking and/or disbondment.
This paper presents an overview of the Attahaddy gas
plant and processing equipment and discusses the
coating failure and repair work undertaken with the
coating supplier.
"Preparation and Evaluation of some imidazoline
derivative as corrosion inhibitors and biocides"
Aiad I., Hafiz, A., El-Awady M.Y. and Salah A. Kh.
Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, EPRI
Corresponding author: I. Aiad,
yiaiad@yahoo.co.uk
Abstract
In this study different alkyl chain length cationic
surfactants were prepared through imidation
cyclization and quaternization of lauric or myristic
or palmitic or stearic and/or oleic acid with
diethylene triamine. The chemical structure of the
prepared compounds was elucidating using different
spectroscopic techniques. The critical micelle
concentration, CMC of these compounds were
determined by conductivity measurements .The
products were evaluated as surface active agents as
well as corrosion inhibitors the results indicats
that this materials have high efficiency as
corrosion inhibitors and they are good surface
active agents, these results were correlated with
the chemical structure of these compounds.
Microbial Induced Corrosion
Dr.
Khalil Mataqi, Dr. John Crew, Dr. Abdulhameed
Al-Hashim
Associate Research Scientist, Kuwait Institute for
Scientific Research
Abstract
Corrosion is an ever-present degradation mechanism in wetted
components and systems. There are many forms of
corrosion in metals, i.e. pitting, stress corrosion,
general corrosion, galvanic corrosion, etc., and
these have been recognized and are continually being
addressed by the microbiologist. The microbiologist
recognized that corrosion is influenced by the
presence of microbes. Corrosion can be accelerated
by the presence of microbial organisms, either
because they manufacture aggressive species, such as
protons or sulphide ions, or because they catalyze
the electrochemical reactions themselves. The
majority of the active organisms are bacteria, about
1-5 micrometers long, which either oxidize or reduce
sulphur compounds as some part of their life
process.
Anticorrosive Enamel with Complex Unique Properties
Vladimir N. Ovchiyan
Chief of Laboratory
Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry NAS RA
(Yerevan)
E-mail:
ovch_vlad@hotmail.com
Abstract
Anticorrosive Enamel has the following properties:
·
the coatings on the basis of the Enamel must protect
the metal in the hot acid, alkaline and salt
solutions, oil-products and others
·
the Enamel usage will be possible at negative air
temperatures (about 20 degrees below zero)
·
it will be permissible to coat by the Enamel damp
and rusted metallic surfaces, old paint, wood,
concrete surfaces etc.
·
hardening (polymerization) of the coating may take
place at air negative temperature, at high humidity
and also under water.
Corresponding author. Tel.: +91 99868 90235;
fax: +91 821 4241004/5
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The 27th Annual Conference
